University education

• M.Sc (zoology, animal physiology, structural and metabolic biochemistry, biological oceanography), University Pierre & Marie Curie, Paris-6, 1974
• DEA biological oceanography, University Pierre & Marie Curie, Paris-6, 1975
• PhD (animal biology / biological oceanography), highest distinction, University Pierre & Marie Curie, Paris-6, 1977, DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.10710.09288 (hal: tel-01541127)
• Doctorat ès Sciences Naturelles (ecophysiology), highest distinction, University Pierre & Marie Curie, Paris-6 & Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, 1985, DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.22873.57444 (hal:tel-01552418)

Skill at sea

• Dive Safety Officer (Chef de Plongée Scientifique du CNRS) - Roscoff, 1985
• Boat Permit n°149/1985 (Affaires Maritimes, quartier de Morlaix)
• French Hyperbaric Activities Certificate (Air Scuba Diving, Class I, Mention B) - CAH 1B CNCH 189, INPP 1993), last validation 28/11/2011 (123/01-IB), approved HSE
• CMAS*** diver (N III, FFESSM) 855810019342